Clinical and Bacteriological profile of Participants suspected with SBP in chronic liver disease coming in IGIMS Emergency, Patna

Santosh  Kumar; Anita; Santosh Kumar  Nayan; Abhay  Kumar; Siddharth  Singh

doi:10.51168/sjhrafrica.v6i6.1736

Authors

Santosh Kumar Associate Professor, Department of Trauma and Emergency, G. I. M. S. Patna, Bihar, India
Anita Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, JMCH Sasaram, Bihar, India
Santosh Kumar Nayan Associate Professor, Department of Trauma and Emergency, I. G. I. M. S. Patna, Bihar, India
Abhay Kumar Associate Professor, Department of Trauma and Emergency, I. G. I. M. S. Patna, Bihar, India
Siddharth Singh Associate Professor, Department of Trauma and Emergency, G. I. M. S. Patna, Bihar, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51168/sjhrafrica.v6i6.1736

Keywords:

Chronic liver disease (CLD), Bacterial infection, Clinical profile, E. coli, Outcomes

Abstract

Background

Chronic liver disease (CLD) affects individuals of all ages, sexes, geographical locations, and ethnicities worldwide. Although the rate of progression and clinical course may vary, various etiological factors contribute to a similar clinicopathological pathophysiology in CLD.

Objectives

This study aimed to determine the bacterial profile, laboratory parameters, and clinical presentation of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) and assess how these factors influence the outcomes of patients with CLD.

Materials and Methods

This retrospective, cross-sectional, observational study was conducted at Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (IGIMS), Patna, Bihar, India, over a period of 18 months. A total of 160 patients were enrolled in the study. Case records of patients aged 18 years and older, diagnosed with SBP, were retrieved from the hospital's electronic database and included in the study.

Results

Relevant gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were identified in ascitic fluid and blood samples. Total leukocyte count, creatinine, bicarbonate, and direct bilirubin levels were found to be significantly associated with patient outcomes, including discharge against medical advice (DAMA), mortality, and successful discharge (p-value < 0.001). Among the patients, 16 (10%) had a history of SBP, and approximately 120 (75%) had not received antibiotics in the previous three months.

Conclusion

This study provides valuable insights into the clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and bacterial profile of SBP in CLD patients. These findings highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to SBP management and contribute to the growing body of knowledge on the condition.

Recommendations

The results of our investigation highlight the need for further research on geographical variations in the bacterial profile and clinical presentation of SBP, as well as the development of early diagnostic techniques and appropriate treatment plans.

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