Morphometric Analysis of the Proximal Femur in the Indian Population: Implications for Total Hip Arthroplasty

Gopabandhu  Mishra; Lipsita  Dash; Duryodhan  Sahoo

doi:10.51168/sjhrafrica.v5i9.1381

Authors

Gopabandhu Mishra Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Dharanidhar Medical College and Hospital, Keonjhar, Odisha, India
Lipsita Dash Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Dharnidhar Medical College, Keonjhar, Odisha, India,
Duryodhan Sahoo Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Dharanidhar Medical College and Hospital, Keonjhar, Odisha, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51168/sjhrafrica.v5i9.1381

Keywords:

Morphometric analysis, proximal femur, Indian population, Total Hip Arthroplasty, femoral morphology

Abstract

Background: One of the most popular orthopaedic operations in the world is total hip arthroplasty (THA), and implant design and surgical outcome are greatly influenced by the proximal femur's anatomy. Morphometric variations between populations necessitate region-specific data to ensure optimal outcomes. The study assessed the morphology of the proximal femur in dry human cadaveric bones, which has potential implications for THA.

Methods: A total of 110 dry cadaveric femur bones of unknown age and sex were analyzed over a one-year period. Parameters such as femur length (FL), femoral head diameter (FHD), femoral neck length (FNL), femoral neck width (FNW), neck-shaft angle (NSA), and the length of the intertrochanteric line were measured using digital calipers, goniometers, and osteometric boards. Descriptive statistics were applied, and comparisons with global populations were made using the Unpaired Student's t-test.

Results: The mean femur length was 427.56 mm, which is shorter than the global average. Statistically significant variations (p < 0.05) were observed in FL, FNL, and NSA when compared to global populations. Significant correlations were also identified between femur length and femoral head diameter (r = 0.48) and between femur length and neck-shaft angle (r = -0.42).

Conclusion: The study highlights significant morphological differences in the proximal femur of the Indian population compared to global populations, indicating the necessity for region-specific prosthetic designs. Standard implants may not provide an optimal fit for Indian patients, leading to potential complications.

Recommendations: Further research is recommended to develop customized prostheses tailored to the Indian population’s anatomical variations. This would enhance THA outcomes and reduce the risk of post-operative complications.