ECHO-CARDIOGRAPHIC STUDY OF VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT IN 1-12 YEARS OF CHILDREN VISITING TERTIARY CARE CENTER.

Abstract

Introduction:
Congenital heart defects in neonates can cause serious growth problems, and they can increase the rates of morbidity and mortality.
Objectives: This study is conducted to understand the morphology of the prominent congenital heart defect that is ventricular septal defect in the pediatric population of one to twelve years by performing the eco-cardio graphic study. Also, to derive an understanding of functional defects due to defective morphology.
Methods:
A survey was carried out amongst the 100 children who visited the IGIMS hospital and either presented the symptoms of cardiac defects or were previously diagnosed with ventricular septal defects. In the survey, basic information about the children was recorded, and then an eco-cardiograph was taken using 2D Doppler technology. The data obtained was subjected to statistical analysis, and the statistical significance of the data was determined.
Results:
Based on the location of the septal defect in the ventricle, they were classified into three categories, near the aortic valve is the peri membranous type, near the muscle of the ventricle, which is the muscular type, and at multiple locations multiple type. The first category defect was among 82%, the second category defect was about 15.5% and the last category defect was about 1.5%. The complexity of the defects increased in certain due to the presence of other cardiac problems. However, the majority of patients had defects of less than 5mm which caused leakage of the blood from systemic to pulmonary circulation.
Conclusion:
The majority of the defects that were observed could be managed or treated with proper intervention if they were detected earlier. This could prevent the defect from progressing to more severe cases.
Recommendations:
When conventional TTE is equivocal, a trans-esophageal echocardiogram (TEE) is recommended.