DETERMINANTS OF MALNUTRITION IN HIV-EXPOSED AND POSITIVE CHILDREN AGED 3 MONTHS -12 YEARS AT BOMBO GENERAL MILITARY HOSPITAL, LUWERO DISTRICT; A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.

Abstract

Background

The main objective of the study was to investigate the determinants of malnutrition in HIV-positive children aged 3 months to 12 Years at Bombo General Military Hospital, Luwero District.

 Methodology

A cross-sectional descriptive study design was employed, utilizing both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods.

 Study results

In line with whether parents were staying with the child, results showed that the vast majority (92.65%) agreed while (7.35%) disagreed. Regarding the child's health history, a substantial portion (29.41%) of the children had experienced long-term diseases, while the majority (70.59%) had not. As for hand washing before serving food, a significant number (91.18%) reported doing so, while 8.82% did not.

 Conclusion

Individual-related factors included age distribution, gender balance, the impact of parental status, and the importance of caregiver support. Environmental factors were also scrutinized, highlighting the importance of healthcare access and delivery. While a majority lived near healthcare centers, access challenges were evident, emphasizing the need for improved healthcare services. A significant portion of children had experienced long-term diseases and delayed treatment, signaling the urgency of enhancing healthcare delivery. Health system-related factors included clean water access (41.18% from taps) and hygiene practices (88.24% hand washing after latrine use, 91.18% before serving food).

 Recommendation

Shortly, the Government of Uganda through the Ministry of Health should enhance Pediatric Nutrition Programs by developing and implementing targeted nutrition initiatives tailored to the diverse age groups of HIV-exposed and positive children, with a specific emphasis on early childhood nutrition (1 year to 5 years). Collaborations with healthcare facilities will be fostered to ensure the provision of comprehensive nutritional counseling and support.