Pattern of Osteosarcoma Among Adolescents and Young Adults in Bihar:  A Retrospective Observational Study.

Rahul Anshuman; Surya Prakash; Saurabh Kumar

doi:10.51168/sjhrafrica.v7i2.2740

Authors

Rahul Anshuman Associate Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, Netaji Subhas Medical College, Patna, Bihar, India
Surya Prakash Assistant professor, Department of Orthopaedics, Shivam Ashoka Medical College & Hospital, Belchhi, Harnaut, Patna, Bihar, India; Senior consultant, Orthopaedic oncologist, Mahavir Cancer Sansthan, Patna
Saurabh Kumar Associate Professor, Department of orthopaedics, NSMCH, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51168/sjhrafrica.v7i2.2740

Keywords:

Osteosarcoma, Adolescents, Young Adults, Bihar, Bone Tumors, Retrospective Study

Abstract

Background

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) and is characterized by aggressive local growth and early metastasis. Regional data regarding osteosarcoma patterns in Bihar are limited.

Aim

To analyze the demographic, clinical, radiological, and histopathological patterns of osteosarcoma among AYA patients presenting to a tertiary care hospital in Bihar.

Methods

A retrospective observational study was conducted between January 2024 and June 2025 at a tertiary care hospital in Bihar. Medical records of 40 histopathologically confirmed osteosarcoma patients aged 10–39 years were reviewed. Demographic and clinicopathological variables, including age, sex, tumor location, histological subtype, stage at presentation, and metastatic status, were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0. Chi-square test was used, and p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

Among 40 patients, 26 (65.0%) were males, and 14 (35.0%) were females. The mean age was 19.8±6.4 years. The distal femur (45.0%) was the most common tumor site, followed by the proximal tibia (30.0%). Osteoblastic osteosarcoma was the predominant histological subtype (60.0%). Metastatic disease at diagnosis was observed in 27.5% of patients. Delayed presentation (>6 months) was significantly associated with metastatic disease (p=0.018).

Conclusion

Osteosarcoma predominantly affected adolescent males and frequently involved bones around the knee joint. Delayed presentation contributed significantly to advanced disease.

Recommendation

Early recognition of persistent bone pain and strengthening referral pathways are recommended to facilitate timely diagnosis and improve outcomes.

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