A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT ANALYSIS: NEUROLOGICAL COMPLICATIONS IN PAEDIATRIC SCORPIONISM CASES, BIHAR, INDIA.

Abstract

Background

Scorpion stings pose a significant public health concern, particularly among vulnerable populations such as children. Neurological complications resulting from scorpion envenomation can range from mild to severe, necessitating comprehensive understanding and management strategies. This retrospective study investigated the incidence, nature, and outcomes of neurologic complications in pediatric patients.

 Methods

The study comprised of 130 children diagnosed with scorpionism. Data were collected from medical records, including demographic information, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores, clinical presentations, and therapeutic interventions. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.

 Results

The mean age of the participants was 10.5 years, with a male predominance (65%). Local signs (Class I) were observed in 45% of cases, followed by systemic symptoms (Class II) in 35% and severe complications (Class III) in 20%. Neurological manifestations were present in 40% of cases, with disturbed consciousness levels (15%) and convulsions (10%) being common. Priapism was reported in 5% of male patients. All patients received antivenin and supportive care, with 80% initially managed in the intermediate care unit. Laboratory investigations revealed elevated creatine phosphokinase levels (30%) and hepatic abnormalities (15%). Pulmonary edema (10%) and shock (8%) were documented. Statistical analysis indicated significant associations between scorpionism severity and neurological manifestations (p < 0.05).

 Conclusion

Paediatric scorpionism presents diverse clinical manifestations, including neurological complications, which warrant prompt recognition and management. Despite the severity of envenomation, favorable outcomes were achieved with appropriate therapeutic interventions. Continued efforts in awareness, education, and research are essential for enhancing the management of scorpion envenomation.

 Recommendations

Enhanced public and healthcare provider education regarding scorpion envenomation, timely administration of antivenin, and standardized management protocols are recommended to mitigate the impact of pediatric scorpionism.