Retrospective histopathology study and classification of endometrial biopsies and curetting.

Dileep Arisseril  Powers; Gokul Suresh  Revathy; Thoushara  Manmmadhan; Gayathri  Das; Aparna  Krishna; Larson Samuel  Roy

doi:10.51168/sjhrafrica.v7i3.2536

Authors

Dileep Arisseril Powers Assistant Professor Pathology Sree narayana institute of medical sciences Ernakulam, Kerala
Gokul Suresh Revathy Associate Professor, Physiology, Sree Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Ernakulam, Kerala, India
Thoushara Manmmadhan Assistant professor, Physiology, Sree Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Ernakulam, Kerala, India, Sree Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Chalakka-Kuthiathode Road. kunnukara, 683594, Ernakulam, Kerala, India
Gayathri Das Phase 3 MBBS student, Pathology, Sree Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Ernakulam, Kerala, India
Aparna Krishna Phase 3 MBBS student, Pathology, Sree Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Ernakulam, Kerala, India
Larson Samuel Roy Phase 3 MBBS student, Pathology, Sree Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Ernakulam, Kerala, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51168/sjhrafrica.v7i3.2536

Keywords:

Abnormal uterine bleeding, Atrophic endometrium, Endometrial carcinoma, Endometrial hyperplasia, Endometritis

Abstract

Introduction:

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding is one of the most common presenting complaints of the gynecology department. It can be due to various factors depending on the patient's age. The evaluation of Abnormal uterine bleeding requires adequate history, physical examination, and laboratory investigations, including imaging and endometrial sampling. Endometrial biopsy and subsequent histopathological study remain the gold standard for diagnosis of causes of abnormal uterine bleeding. Endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma of the uterus are more common in postmenopausal age groups. This helps in the early detection of malignant lesions, thereby helping in the early appropriate treatment.

Aim:

To find out the pathological pattern in different cases of abnormal uterine bleeding, correlate the abnormal endometrial pathology pattern with age, hormonal treatment history, and to find out the incidence of endometrial hyperplasia with or without atypia and carcinoma.

Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study of endometrial sampling (endometrial curettage and biopsy) in cases presented with abnormal uterine bleeding for the past 3 years (2022 - 2025) in the Department of Pathology, Sree Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences. The total number of samples taken was 268.

Results:

Normal cyclical endometrium was the most commonly observed pattern in the study (proliferative 10.82% and secretory 39.92%). Endometrial biopsy also identified structural abnormalities such as a polyp (14.92%). Endometrial hyperplasia without atypia was seen in 3.73%, and atypical hyperplasia was noted in 1.86%. Endometrial carcinoma was found in 3 cases, all of them in the postmenopausal age group.

Conclusion:

Endometrial study helps to differentiate ovulatory from anovulatory dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Endometrial sampling and subsequent histopathological study can lead to early detection of endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma and have a significant impact on the management of abnormal uterine bleeding.

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