Allied health educators’ reflections on ICT-focused pedagogical training in a low-resource setting: A video-based qualitative study.

Authors

  • Martin Okoed Enabel, Belgian Development Agency, Kampala, Uganda
  • Ambrose Felix Okello Enabel, Belgian Development Agency, Kampala, Uganda
  • Pearl Mugala Enabel, Belgian Development Agency, Kampala, Uganda
  • Steve Ronald Mwanje St. Simon Peter Vocational Training Institute, Hoima, Uganda
  • Aeron Namaasa Fort Portal College of Health Sciences, Fort Portal Tourism City, Uganda,MEA Uganda, Kampala, Uganda
  • Hannah Hanifa Nayoga Enabel, Belgian Development Agency, Kampala, Uganda

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51168/sjhrafrica.v7i3.2315

Keywords:

faculty development, ICT integration, allied health education, experiential learning theory, video-based evaluation, digital competence, low-resource setting, Uganda

Abstract

Background:

Strengthening digital and pedagogical competence among allied health educators is critical, especially in low-resource settings where digital literacy gaps persist. While faculty development initiatives increasingly explore ICT-enabled teaching, limited research has examined educators’ immediate reflections using video-based methods. Such video-based approaches can capture authentic and spontaneous insights following training.

 Method:

A qualitative descriptive design was used. Reflections from nine educators were captured through a single video-recorded testimonial session after a three-day ICT-focused pedagogical training. These reflections were transcribed and analysed thematically using Braun and Clarke’s reflexive approach.

 Result:

Four themes emerged: 1) enhanced digital competence, 2) first-time exposure and professional growth, 3) application of ICT skills to teaching and supervision, and 4) the need for continued training and adaptation of the use of ICT in teaching and learning. Participants highlighted transferable practical skills and recognised gaps requiring ongoing support.

 Conclusion:

Short-term, contextually relevant training demonstrated transformative potential in building educators’ digital and pedagogical capacity. Video-based evaluation proved effective in capturing authentic reflections, scalability, and informing tailored programme design. Findings are context-specific and not statistically generalizable, but they provide transferable insights for similar low-resource educational settings. However, confidentiality presents a significant challenge in video-based data collection, and appropriate ethical safeguards are necessary to protect participant identity.

 Recommendation:

Institutions should prioritise ongoing ICT-focused faculty development, and future studies should examine sustained impacts on teaching practices and learning outcomes.

Author Biographies

Martin Okoed, Enabel, Belgian Development Agency, Kampala, Uganda

Digital transformation and learning innovation specialist with experience in ICT integration, professional development, pedagogy, and institutional development. He holds a Master of Information Technology and a Postgraduate Diploma in Educational Policy, Leadership, and Management. His work and research focus on digital transformation, technology adoption, and grassroots innovation in low-resource settings.

Ambrose Felix Okello, Enabel, Belgian Development Agency, Kampala, Uganda

ICT4D professional with experience in software development in Uganda and beyond, contributing to digital transformation in health training institutions and secondary schools. His work focuses on applying technology to enhance teaching, improve institutional efficiency, and support inclusive learning environments. He holds a Master of Information Technology. Email: ambokello@gmail.com

Pearl Mugala, Enabel, Belgian Development Agency, Kampala, Uganda

National Pedagogy Expert with a Master of Education in Educational Technology. Her interests include learning design, curriculum development, and ICT integration in education.

Steve Ronald Mwanje, St. Simon Peter Vocational Training Institute, Hoima, Uganda

ICDL Trainer with a Master of Information Technology. His areas of interest are ICT4D, digital literacy, and digital transformation. Email: mwanjesteve2@gmail.com

Aeron Namaasa, Fort Portal College of Health Sciences, Fort Portal Tourism City, Uganda,MEA Uganda, Kampala, Uganda

Public health specialist and principal health tutor with extensive experience in academic leadership, research, and health sciences education at Fort Portal College of Health Sciences. He holds a Master of Vocational Pedagogy and a Master of Public Health.

Hannah Hanifa Nayoga, Enabel, Belgian Development Agency, Kampala, Uganda

Pedagogy expert, author, and manager with expertise in programme coordination, institutional collaboration, digital technologies, and learning innovation. She holds a Master’s in Institutional Management and Leadership, a Master’s in Social Sector Planning and Management with a focus on health and education sectors, along with other postgraduate qualifications. Email: hannahnay2013@gmail.com

References

Acharya, R. (2025). Examining Interpretivism in Social Science Research: Exploring Subjectivity, Context, and Meaning in Social Inquiry. Education Science & Technology. https://doi.org/10.3459/2025/ST8

Ahmed, S. K., Mohammed, R. A., Nashwan, A. J., Ibrahim, R. H., Abdalla, A. Q., Ameen, B. M. M., & Khdhir, R. M. (2025). Using thematic analysis in qualitative research. Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health, 6, 100198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glmedi.2025.100198

Alrashed, F. A., Ahmad, T., Almurdi, M. M., Alderaa, A. A., Alhammad, S. A., Serajuddin, M., & Alsubiheen, A. M. (2024). Incorporating technology adoption in medical education: a qualitative study of medical students’ perspectives. Advances in Medical Education and Practice, 615-625. https://doi.org/10.2147/AMEP.S464555

Amemasor, S. K., Oppong, S. O., Ghansah, B., Benuwa, B. B., & Essel, D. D. (2025, May). A systematic review on the impact of teacher professional development on digital instructional integration and teaching practices. In Frontiers in Education (Vol. 10, p. 1541031). Frontiers Media SA. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2025.1541031

Ayton D. (2023). Qualitative descriptive research. In Ayton D., Tsindos T., Berkovic D. (Eds.), Qualitative research, a practical guide for health and social care researchers and practitioners (pp. 49–54). Monash University.

Bouncken, R. B., Czakon, W., & Schmitt, F. (2025). Purposeful sampling and saturation in qualitative research methodologies: recommendations and review. Review of Managerial Science, 1-37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-025-00881-2

Bradshaw, C., Atkinson, S., & Doody, O. (2017). Employing a qualitative description approach in health care research. Global qualitative nursing research, 4, https://doi.org/10.1177/2333393617742282

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2023). Is thematic analysis used well in health psychology? A critical review of published research, with recommendations for quality practice and reporting. Health Psychology Review, 17(4), 695-718. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2022.2161594

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019). Reflecting on reflexive thematic analysis. Qualitative research in sport, exercise and health, 11(4), 589-597. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1628806

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology, 3(2), 77-101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa

Bryda, G., & Sadowski, D. (2024, January). From words to themes: AI-powered qualitative data coding and analysis. In World Conference on qualitative research (pp. 309-345). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-65735-1_19

Byrne, D. (2022). A worked example of Braun and Clarke’s approach to reflexive thematic analysis. Quality & quantity, 56(3), 1391-1412. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-021-01182-y

Car, J., Ong, Q. C., Fox, T. E., Leightley, D., Kemp, S. J., Švab, I., ... & Obadiel, Y. A. (2025). The digital health competencies in medical education framework: an international consensus statement based on a Delphi study. JAMA network open, 8(1), e2453131-e2453131. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.53131

Cheng, J., Wu, Y., Huang, L., Wu, Y., & Guan, Y. (2025). Integrating Kolb's experiential learning theory into nursing education: a four-stage intervention with case analysis, mind maps, reflective journals, and peer simulations for advanced health assessment. Frontiers in Medicine, 12, 1616392. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2025.1616392

Chitac, I. M. (2022). The rationale for saturation in qualitative research: When practice informs theory. Cross-Cultural Management Journal, 24(1), 29-35. https://doaj.org/article/f741d1f317ad447db0008a307791d959

Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS). (2016). International ethical guidelines for health-related research involving humans: Prepared by the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS) in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO). Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences. https://cioms.ch/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/WEB-CIOMS-EthicalGuidelines.pdf

Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches (4th ed.). Sage.

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage Publications.

Dart, S. (2022). Evaluating the impact of worked example videos for blended learning in a large-enrolment business statistics course. Statistics Education Research Journal, 21(1), 11-11. https://doi.org/10.52041/serj.v21i1.93

Diaz, B. A., Rieker, J., & Ng, S. (2023). Teaching critical reflection in health professions education with transformative-vygotskian praxis. Advances in Health Sciences Education, 28(4), 1191-1204. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10459-023-10209-y

Ersoy, H., Baskici, C., Aytar, A., Strods, R., Ratinika, N. J., Fernandes, A. M. L., ... & Kav, S. (2024). Digital competence of faculty members in health sciences measured via self-reflection: current status and contextual aspects. PeerJ, 12, e18456. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.18456

Friedman, A. L. (2023). Continuing professional development is lifelong learning and education. International Journal of Lifelong Education, 42(6), 588-602. https://doi.org/10.1080/02601370.2023.2267770

Grainger, R., Liu, Q., & Gladman, T. (2024). Learning technology in health professions education: Realising an (un) imagined future. Medical education, 58(1), 36-46. https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.15185

Gu, Y., He, J., Huang, W., & Sun, B. (2025). Professional development for teachers in the digital age: A comparative analysis of online training programs and policy implementation. Behavioral Sciences, 15(8), 1076. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15081076

Gustavsen, D., Surbaugh, H. M., & Emmons, M. (2025). Using Generative AI for Qualitative Coding. Library Trends, 73(3), 213-242. https://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lib.2025.a961193

Haarala-Muhonen, A., Myyry, L., Pyörälä, E., Kallunki, V., Anttila, H., Katajavuori, N., ... & Tuononen, T. (2023, September). The impact of pedagogical and ICT training on teachers’ approaches to online teaching and use of digital tools. In Frontiers in Education (Vol. 8, p. 1223665). Frontiers Media SA. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1223665

Håkansson Lindqvist, M., Mozelius, P., Jaldemark, J., & Cleveland Innes, M. (2024). Higher education transformation towards lifelong learning in a digital era–a scoping literature review. International Journal of Lifelong Education, 43(1), 24-38. https://doi.org/10.1080/02601370.2023.2279047

Herzog, C., Handke, C., & Hitters, E. (2025). Digging in or building bridges? A scoping review of thematic analysis in communications research. Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics, 10, 1617380. https://doi.org/10.3389/frma.2025.1617380

Hole, L. (2024). Handle with care: considerations of Braun and Clarke's approach to thematic analysis. Qualitative research journal, 24(4), 371-383. https://doi.org/10.1108/QRJ-08-2023-0132

Jarva, E., Oikarinen, A., Andersson, J., Pramila-Savukoski, S., Hammarén, M., & Mikkonen, K. (2024). Healthcare professionals' digital health competence profiles and associated factors: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 80(8), 3236-3252. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.16096

Jones, C. A., Watkins, F. S., Williams, J., Lambros, A., Callahan, K. E., Lawlor, J., ... & Atkinson, H. H. (2019). A 360-degree assessment of teaching effectiveness using a structured-videorecorded observed teaching exercise for faculty development. Medical education online, 24(1), 1596708. https://doi.org/10.1080/10872981.2019.1596708

Khafizova, A. A., Galimov, A. M., Kharisova, S. R., Grebenshchikova, L. Y., Yagudina, R. I., & Smirnova, L. M. (2023). The impact of healthcare digitalization on the medical education curricula and programs: Points of convergence and divergence. Contemporary Educational Technology, 15(4), ep479. https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/13768

Kleinheksel, A. J., Chen, W., Rudd, M. J., Drowos, J., Gupta, S., Minor, S., & Bailey, J. M. (2023). Putting reflection back into practice: Kolb's theory of experiential learning as a theoretical framework for just-in-time faculty development. SN Social Sciences, 3(3), 59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43545-023-00649-z

Klykken, F. H. (2022). Implementing continuous consent in qualitative research. Qualitative Research, 22(5), 795-810.https://doi.org/10.1177/14687941211014366

Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. Prentice Hall.

Kolb, D. A. (2014). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. FT Press.

Laari, L. (2025). Inductive-Deductive Qualitative Data Analysis Logic in Health Sciences Research: A Framework for Analysing Qualitative Data. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 24. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069251381706

Lawrence, K., & Levine, D. L. (2024). The digital determinants of health: A guide for competency development in digital care delivery for health professions trainees. JMIR Medical Education, 10, e54173. https://doi.org/10.2196/54173

Luo, Z., Abbasi, B. N., Yang, C., Li, J., & Sohail, A. (2024). A systematic review of evaluation and program planning strategies for technology integration in education: Insights for evidence-based practice. Education and Information Technologies, 29(16), 21133-21167. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-12707-x

Meyer, M. R. U., Prochnow, T., Hess, B., During, C., Opusunju, J., Creighton, J., & Sumrall, J. (2024). Fostering collaborative practice through interprofessional education. Family Medicine, 57(2), 91. https://doi.org/10.22454/FamMed.2024.533520

Nair, B. K. R., Bleasel, J., Mwangi, F., & Malau-Aduli, B. S. (2025). Reimagining faculty development: A paradigm shift from content to transformative learning processes. Medical Teacher, 47(6), 976-984. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2024.2390035

Navarrete, E., Nehring, A., Schanze, S., Ewerth, R., & Hoppe, A. (2025). A closer look into recent video-based learning research: A comprehensive review of video characteristics, tools, technologies, and learning effectiveness. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 1-64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40593-025-00481-x

Olaniyan, A.O. & Uzorka, A. (2024). Leadership's role in facilitating faculty professional development for technology integration. International Journal of Technology in Education and Science (IJTES), 8(3), 470-480. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijtes.563

Patel, H., Perry, S., Badu, E., Mwangi, F., Onifade, O., Mazurskyy, A., ... & ACHIEVE Network. (2025). A scoping review of interprofessional education in healthcare: evaluating competency development, educational outcomes, and challenges. BMC Medical Education, 25(1), 409. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-025-06969-3

Pervin, N., & Mokhtar, M. (2022). The interpretivist research paradigm: A subjective notion of a social context. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 11(2), 419-428. http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARPED/v11-i2/12938

Sandelowski, M. (2000). Whatever happened to qualitative description?. Research in nursing & health, 23(4), 334-340. https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-240X(200008)23:4%3C334::AID-NUR9%3E3.0.CO;2-G

Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2019). Research Methods for Business Students (8th ed.). Pearson.

Shon, S., Shin, H., Rim, D., & Jeon, H. (2024). Nursing faculty development program for digital teaching competence. BMC Medical Education, 24(1), 511. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-05453-8

Sosa-Díaz, M. J., Sierra-Daza, M. C., Arriazu-Muñoz, R., Llamas-Salguero, F., & Durán-Rodríguez, N. (2022, Mayo). “EdTech Integration Framework in Schools”: Systematic Review of the Literature. In Frontiers in Education (Vol. 7, p. 895042). Frontiers Media SA. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.895042

Steinert, Y. (2017). Faculty development: from program design and implementation to scholarship. GMS journal for medical education, 34(4), Doc49. https://doi.org/10.3205/zma001126

Tar Lim, R. B., Shin Chow, D. W., & Zheng, H. (2024). A scoping review of experiential learning in public health education from the perspective of students, faculty, and community partners. Journal of Experiential Education, 47(1), 72-110. https://doi.org/10.1177/10538259231171073

Tight, M. (2024). Saturation: an overworked and misunderstood concept?. Qualitative Inquiry, 30(7), 577-583. https://doi.org/10.1177/10778004231183948

Tumuhimbise, W., Theuring, S., Atukunda, E. C., Godfrey, M. R., Babirye, D., Kaggwa, F., ... & Musiimenta, A. (2025). Enablers and challenges of integrating digital health into medical education curricula: a scoping review. Discover Education, 4(1), 316. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-025-00793-z

Uganda National Council for Science and Technology (UNCST). (2014). National guidelines for research involving humans as research participants. https://uncst.go.ug/files/downloads/Human%20Subjects%20Protection%20Guidelines%20July%202014%281%29.pdf

University of Toronto. (2014). Guide for informed consent. https://research.utoronto.ca/sites/default/files/2019-11/Guide_for_Informed_Consent_201410.pdf

Upadhyay, S., & Hu, H. F. (2022). A qualitative analysis of the impact of electronic health records (EHR) on healthcare quality and safety: clinicians’ lived experiences. Health Services Insights, 15, 11786329211070722. https://doi.org/10.1177/11786329211070722

Vears, D. F., & Gillam, L. (2022). Inductive content analysis: A guide for beginning qualitative researchers. Focus on Health Professional Education: A Multi-Professional Journal, 23(1), 111-127. https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/informit.455663644555599

Vesna, L., Dash, S., Verma, V. K., Shankar, U., & Rao, A. S. (2024). The Role of Digital Education Tools in Healthcare Training and Professional Development. Frontiers in Health Informatics, 13(3). https://healthinformaticsjournal.com/index.php/IJMI/article/view/545/532

Villamin, P., Lopez, V., Thapa, D. K., & Cleary, M. (2025). A worked example of qualitative descriptive design: A step-by-step guide for novice and early career researchers. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 81(8), 5181-5195. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.16481

Ward, R. C., Baker, K. A., Spence, D., Leonard, C., Sapp, A., & Choudhry, S. A. (2023). Longitudinal assessment to evaluate continued certification and lifelong learning in healthcare professionals: a scoping review. Evaluation & the Health Professions, 46(3), 199-212. https://doi.org/10.1177/01632787231164381

Yin, R. K. (2018). Case study research and applications (Vol. 6). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Downloads

Published

2026-03-01

How to Cite

Okoed, M. ., Okello, A. F. ., Mugala, P. ., Mwanje, S. R. ., Namaasa, A. ., & Nayoga, H. H. (2026). Allied health educators’ reflections on ICT-focused pedagogical training in a low-resource setting: A video-based qualitative study. Student’s Journal of Health Research Africa, 7(3), 11. https://doi.org/10.51168/sjhrafrica.v7i3.2315

Issue

Section

Other Original Articles