A Study on to evaluate the efficacy of Anti-VEGF Therapy in Neovascular ARMD at tertiary care centre of Jharkhand: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Analysis

Priya  Suman; Rahul  Prasad; Komal  Soni; Nitish Kumar  Marshal

doi:10.51168/sjhrafrica.v6i6.1831

Authors

Priya Suman Junior Resident Department of Ophthalmology, RIO RIMS Ranchi
Dr. Rahul Prasad Additional Professor, Department of opthalmology, RIO RIMS, Ranchi
Dr. Komal Soni Junior Resident, Department of opthalmology, RIO RIMS, Ranchi
Dr. Nitish Kumar Marshal Junior Resident, Department of opthalmology, RIO RIMS Ranchi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51168/sjhrafrica.v6i6.1831

Keywords:

Anti-VEGF therapy, neovascular ARMD, visual acuity, retinal morphology, efficacy

Abstract

Background: The most common kind of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) in the elderly is neovascular ARMD. Anomalies of the capillaries under the retina are the hallmark of this condition. A well-established method for controlling neovascular ARMD is anti-VEFG (vascular endothelial growth factor) treatment, which blocks the formation of aberrant blood vessels. Additional research is necessary to determine its effectiveness in practical situations, despite its extensive use.

Objectives:

Primary Objective: To study the efficacy of antiVEGF therapy in Neovascular ARMD patient in tertiary care centre in Jharkhand.

Secondary Objective:To determine the effects of anti-VEGF therapy on central retinal thickness, visual acuity, leakage and retinal morphology.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the ophthalmology department over a 12 month period involving 50 patients with neovascular ARMD and a minimum of three months of anti-VEFG treatment were included in this retrospective cross-sectional study. Ranibizumab, bevacizumab, or aflibercept were the drugs given to the patients. The data was gathered by measuring visual acuity with a Snellen chart, measuring central retinal thickness with optical coherence tomography (OCT), and evaluating retinal leakage with fluorescein angiography. Statistical analysis was conducted using paired t-tests, with a significance level of p-value < 0.05.

Results: Retinal morphology and visual acuity both showed notable improvements. A decrease in macular oedema was indicated by an average reduction of 65 µm in central retinal thickness and an improvement of 0.18 in visual acuity on the Snellen scale. Compared to 80% at baseline, only 24% of patients exhibited leakage after treatment, according to fluorescein angiography, indicating a substantial decrease in retinal leakage.

Conclusion: Patients suffering from neovascular ARMD report marked improvements in visual acuity and retinal morphology after receiving anti-VEFG therapy. Patients with neovascular ARMD may be able to keep their eyesight with the help of anti-VEFG medications,

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