Association of Dyslipidaemia and Comorbidities with Risk Factors Among Diabetic Patients: A Retrospective Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51168/sjhrafrica.v5i12.1491Keywords:
Diabetes mellitus, Dyslipidaemia, Comorbidities, Cholesterol, HypertensionAbstract
Aim: To determine how risk variables are related to dyslipidaemia and comorbidities in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Materials and Methods: An enrolment of 65 T2DM patients was made using the electronic medical record. We looked for the link between the patients' dyslipidaemia and current comorbidities and the available laboratory, clinical, and demographic data. The SPSS-23 software was used for statistical analysis.
Results: Out of the 65 T2DM patients, 19 (29.22%) were male and 46 (70.76%) were female, with a mean age of 60.12±10.49 years, according to the electronic health record. 31 (47.38%) participants had diabetes mellitus for more than ten years, and 44 (68.30%) subjects had poor glycaemic control (HbA1c > 7%). 21 (31.68%) of the participants in our study had hypertension (HTN), 22 (34.45%) had ischemic heart disease (IHD), 9 (13.84%) were obese, 2 (2.45%) had a stroke, and 53(82.76%) had dyslipidaemia. Out of the 54 patients with dyslipidaemia, 41 (62.44%) were receiving treatment for hypolipidemia.
The lipid profile, which includes HDL (high density lipoprotein), LDL (low density lipoprotein), TC (total cholesterol), and TG (triglycerides), showed a highly significant difference (p-value<0.001) when comparing the research variables based on dyslipidaemia against normal lipid levels, but many other variables did not show a significant difference. Subjects with dyslipidaemia had significantly higher HBA1c, FBG, and RBG levels. Our patients' age ranges of 60–69 and 70–79 years had a strong correlation with comorbidities, according to a logistic regression study of risk variables and comorbidities. Likewise, no statistically significant correlation was found between our patients' dyslipidaemia and risk variables when analysed using logistic regression.
Conclusion: Our findings showed that comorbidities were linked to aging and that HTN, IHD, and dyslipidaemia were prevalent comorbidities. The present patterns in T2DM comorbidities and symptomatology have been brought to light by our investigation. All
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