UNLOCKING THE LINK: PROTEINURIA SHIFTS AND HEART ATTACK RISKS IN DIABETES AND PRE-DIABETES - A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY.

Akash Kumar  Ambashtha; Chandni  Akhouri; Prakash  Kumar; Jiternder  Prasad

doi:10.51168/sjhrafrica.v5i3.1084

Authors

Akash Kumar Ambashtha Consultant Geriatric Medicine, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Akash Hospital, Sasaram, Bihar, India
Chandni Akhouri Consultant Pathologist, Department of Pathology, Akash Hospital, Sasaram, India
Prakash Kumar Assistant Professor, Amity Institute of Health Allied Sciences, Amity University, Noida, India
Jiternder Prasad Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Deoghar, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51168/sjhrafrica.v5i3.1084

Keywords:

Proteinuria, Myocardial Infarction, Diabetes, Pre-diabetes, Cardiovascular Risk

Abstract

Background

A major area of clinical concern is the complex link between renal failure, which is characterized by proteinuria, and cardiovascular disease (CVD), specifically myocardial infarction. To investigate predictive markers for cardiovascular problems in this high-risk population, the study examines the association between variation in proteinuria levels and the risk of myocardial infarction in people having diabetes or pre-diabetes.

Methods

240 people were enrolled in the research. There were four categories for proteinuria levels: incident, chronic, remittent, and no proteinuria. Over 2 years, follow (MI), in patients having diabetes or pre-diabetes. To identify potential-up evaluations were carried out to monitor changes in the incidence of myocardial infarction and proteinuria levels. After addressing relevant confounders, statistical analyses were carried out to evaluate the correlation between variations in proteinuria and the risk of myocardial infarction.

Results

People with persistent proteinuria demonstrated a substantially elevated risk of myocardial infarction compared to those with no proteinuria (HR 2.5, 95% CI 1.8-3.4). Similarly, individuals with incident proteinuria also exhibited an enhanced risk of MI (HR 2.0, 95% CI 1.5-2.7), while those with remittent proteinuria showed a modestly elevated risk (HR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0-1.8). Subgroup analyses based on diabetes status yielded consistent findings. Sensitivity analyses (2.48) confirmed the robustness of the results.

Conclusion

The research emphasizes how changes in proteinuria levels have a predictive value in predicting myocardial infarction risk in those having diabetes or pre-diabetes. Persistent and incident proteinuria emerged as strong predictors of myocardial infarction, emphasizing the importance of proteinuria monitoring for cardiovascular risk stratification in this population.

Recommendations

To identify myocardial infarction risk factors, diabetics and pre-diabetics should have their proteinuria levels checked regularly. Medication and lifestyle adjustments can minimize proteinuria and cardiovascular risks. More study is needed to understand the causes and investigate targeted therapies for cardiovascular outcomes.