THE POTENTIAL IMPACT OF SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS ON MATERNAL HEALTH, TAMIL NADU, INDIA: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY.

Abstract

Objectives

This study aims to analyze the health challenges experienced by antenatal women and assess the influence of socioeconomic factors, with the goal of informing targeted interventions to enhance global maternal health outcomes.

 Methods

This prospective observational study, conducted at Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital’s (SBMCH) Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department over 18 months, enrolled 326 pregnant women without pre-existing conditions. The study focused on the impact of socioeconomic status on diverse pregnancy complications, using randomization as the sampling technique. Comprehensive assessments, including history, examinations, and various blood investigations, were performed, followed by a meticulous follow-up throughout pregnancy.

 Results

The study identified a predominant age group of 20-34 years among pregnant women, with notable BMI variations. Notably, 61.3% exhibited a normal BMI, 11.7% experienced spontaneous abortion, with 57.9% occurring in the lower socioeconomic class, and 7.4% manifested congenital anomalies, with 83.3% from the lower socioeconomic class. Furthermore, prevalent conditions like anemia (54.3%), GDM (21.8%), cervicovaginal infections (24.8%), and hypertensive disorders (35.9%) showcased substantial associations with socioeconomic factors.

 Conclusion

The findings of the present investigation underscore the crucial role of socioeconomic factors in maternal health outcomes, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions and awareness programs. This study provides valuable insights for future public health initiatives aiming to address and alleviate health disparities among pregnant women.

 Recommendation

The study recommends implementing targeted interventions and educational initiatives to address socioeconomic disparities, thereby enhancing maternal health outcomes.