Association between microbiological profile and treatment outcomes in pneumonia patients: A retrospective cross-sectional study.

Paresh Chandra  Mohanta; Shaik  Taheruddin; Jharana  Mahanta

doi:10.51168/sjhrafrica.v7i3.2590

Authors

Dr. Paresh Chandra Mohanta Assistant Professor, Department of Respiratory Medicine, MKCG Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur, Odisha, India.
Dr. Shaik Taheruddin Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Dharanidhar Medical College, Keonjhar, Odisha, India.
Dr. Jharana Mahanta Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Dharanidhar Medical College, Keonjhar, Odisha, India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51168/sjhrafrica.v7i3.2590

Keywords:

Pneumonia, Microbiological profile, ICU admission, Mortality, Multidrug resistance

Abstract

Background:

Pneumonia remains a major cause of hospitalization and mortality worldwide. The causative microorganism plays a crucial role in determining disease severity and treatment outcome.

Aim:

To evaluate the association between microbiological profile and clinical outcomes among hospitalized pneumonia patients.

Methodology:

A hospital-based retrospective observational study was conducted over two years (January 2024–December 2025) at Dharanidhar Medical College. A total of 250 adult patients with radiologically confirmed and culture-positive pneumonia were included. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26. Chi-square test, independent t-test, and multivariate logistic regression were applied.

Results:

Gram-negative organisms accounted for 56% of isolates. ICU admission and mortality were significantly higher in infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii (p<0.001). Gram-negative infection (Adjusted OR 2.41, 95% CI 1.32–4.38, p=0.004) and multidrug resistance (Adjusted OR 3.08, 95% CI 1.61–5.89, p=0.001) independently predicted poor outcome.

Conclusion:

The microbiological profile significantly influences treatment outcomes in pneumonia. Gram-negative and multidrug-resistant infections are associated with an adverse prognosis.

Recommendation:

Early microbiological diagnosis and implementation of antimicrobial stewardship programs are essential to improve clinical outcomes and reduce mortality in pneumonia patients.

Author Biographies

Dr. Paresh Chandra Mohanta, Assistant Professor, Department of Respiratory Medicine, MKCG Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur, Odisha, India.

is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Respiratory Medicine at MKCG Medical College, Odisha, with clinical and research interests in pulmonary infections and critical care.

Dr. Shaik Taheruddin, Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Dharanidhar Medical College, Keonjhar, Odisha, India.

is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Microbiology at Dharanidhar Medical College, with expertise in clinical microbiology and antimicrobial resistance.

Dr. Jharana Mahanta, Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Dharanidhar Medical College, Keonjhar, Odisha, India.

is an Assistant Professor in Microbiology, actively involved in infectious disease research and laboratory diagnostics.

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