Working Class Diabetes: The World Forgot

Authors

  • Prof. Dr. Aditya Bikram Mishra MD (Medicine), Founder Director Dibya Aditya Diabetes Care, Cuttack, Odisha, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51168/sjhrafrica.v6i12.2260

Keywords:

Diabetes mellitus, Working-class population, Occupational physiology, Energy expenditure, Glycemic control

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is becoming more common around the world, and it affects low- and middle-income groups the most. Most of the time, current diabetes management guidelines tell everyone to eat and live in the same way. These guidelines are mostly for people who don't move around much. This general approach often doesn't take into account the specific physical needs, job-related stressors, and financial limitations of working-class people who do physically demanding work. This kind of mismatch can cause low blood sugar, dehydration, not following treatment, and faster disease progression to happen over and over again. This prospective observational study looks at how the amount of work a person does affects their blood sugar levels, nutritional needs, and health outcomes in people with diabetes who work. The results show that standard diabetes care models and the way people actually work are very different. The study emphasises the imperative for occupation-specific diabetes management strategies that incorporate energy expenditure, hydration needs, and meal timing to improve metabolic stability and long-term outcomes in this underserved population.

References

Wild S, Roglic G, Green A, Sicree R, King H. Global prevalence of diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004;27:1047-1053. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.27.10.2569-a https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.27.5.1047

American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2023;46:S1-S291.

Hu FB. Globalization of diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2011;34:1249-1257. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc11-0442

Prüss-Ustün A, Corvalán C. Preventing disease through healthy environments. WHO Report. 2006.

Frier BM. Hypoglycaemia in diabetes. Diabetes Metab. 2008;34:S14-S22. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470516270

Cryer PE. Hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure. Diabetes. 2005;54:3592-3601. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.54.12.3592

Ainsworth BE, et al. Compendium of Physical Activities. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2011;43:1575-1581. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31821ece12

Polonsky WH. Understanding adherence. Diabetes Care. 2012;35:2126-2128.

WHO. Global report on diabetes. Geneva; 2016.

Franz MJ, et al. Nutrition therapy for diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2017;40:731-754. https://doi.org/10.2337/9781580405690.ch04

Jequier E. Energy expenditure in obesity. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002;76:761-769.

Hawley JA, et al. Exercise metabolism. J Appl Physiol. 2014;116:123-137.

Haskell WL, et al. Physical activity guidelines. Circulation.2007;116:1081-1093. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.185649

Colberg SR, et al. Physical activity and diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2016;39:2065-2079. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc16-1728

Speakman JR. Energy balance. Int J Obes. 2013;37:1241-1247.

Zimmet P, et al. Diabetes epidemiology. Nature. 2001;414:782-787. https://doi.org/10.1038/414782a

Unwin N, et al. Diabetes in low-income groups. Lancet. 2010;375:1879-1881. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60840-9

Peyrot M, et al. Barriers to diabetes care. Diabetes Care. 2005;28:2673-2679. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.28.11.2673

Stratton IM, et al. Glycaemia and complications. BMJ. 2000;321:405-412. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.321.7258.405

DeFronzo RA. Pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Rev. 1997;5:177-269.

Garber AJ, et al. Consensus on diabetes management. Endocr Pract. 2020;26:107-139. https://doi.org/10.4158/CS-2019-0472

Powers MA, et al. Diabetes self-management education. Diabetes Care. 2015;38:1372-1382. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc15-0730

Marmot M. Social determinants of health. Lancet. 2005;365:1099-1104. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(05)71146-6

Danaei G, et al. Diabetes burden. Lancet. 2011;378:31-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60679-X

Wang HE, Muntner P, Chertow GM, Warnock DG. AKI mortality association. Am J Nephrol. 2012;35:349-355. https://doi.org/10.1159/000337487

Downloads

Published

2025-12-15

How to Cite

Prof. Dr. Aditya Bikram Mishra. (2025). Working Class Diabetes: The World Forgot. Student’s Journal of Health Research Africa, 6(12), 6. https://doi.org/10.51168/sjhrafrica.v6i12.2260

Issue

Section

Section of Non-communicable Diseases Research