Effect of problem-focused coping mechanisms on resilience among refugees with ptsd symptoms in Bidibidi Refugee Settlement, Yumbe District–Uganda: A cross-sectional study.

Issac Kwesiga; Dr. Lindrio  Celestine

doi:10.51168/sjhrafrica.v6i12.2240

Authors

Issac Kwesiga School of Graduate Studies and Research, P.O. Box. 182, Entebbe Uganda. University of Kisubi P.O. Box 182 Entebbe Uganda.
Dr. Lindrio Celestine (PhD) School of Graduate Studies and Research, P.O. Box. 182, Entebbe Uganda. University of Kisubi P.O. Box 182 Entebbe Uganda.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51168/sjhrafrica.v6i12.2240

Keywords:

Problem-focused coping, Resilience, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Refugees, Coping mechanisms, Bidibidi Settlement, Uganda

Abstract

Background

Refugees in protracted displacement settings often experience trauma and chronic stress, which heighten their risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Problem-focused coping refers to deliberate efforts to address stressors directly and has been shown to enhance resilience. While various coping mechanisms influence psychological recovery, problem-focused coping does require the effort to actively address and resolve stressors. It has also been shown to enhance resilience. This study examined the effect of problem-focused coping mechanisms on resilience among refugees with PTSD symptoms in Bidibidi Refugee Settlement, Yumbe District, Uganda.

Methods

A cross-sectional study using a quantitative approach was employed among 108 refugees with PTSD symptoms selected from all five zones of Bidibidi Settlement between May and June 2025. Data were collected using structured, theory-informed questionnaires with clearly defined items measuring problem-focused coping and resilience. Statistical analysis was conducted using ordinal logistic regression in SPSS (version 25) to determine the predictive effect of problem-focused coping on resilience.

Results

Of the participants, 68.5% were female and 31.5% male, with the majority (50%) aged 18-24 years. Problem-focused coping had a significant positive effect on resilience (β = .353, p < .001). Refugees who engaged in proactive behaviors such as problem-solving, goal setting, and information seeking exhibited higher resilience compared to those who relied on less adaptive strategies. The model explained 38% of the variance in resilience scores, indicating that problem-focused coping is a major determinant of adaptive functioning among refugees experiencing PTSD symptoms.

Conclusion

Problem-focused coping plays a critical role in enhancing resilience among refugees with PTSD symptoms. Actively addressing stressors fosters a sense of control, self-efficacy, and psychological stability despite adversity.

Recommendations

Humanitarian organizations should integrate problem-solving skills training into psychosocial interventions. Mental health practitioners should strengthen resilience-based approaches that emphasize practical coping strategies in refugee settings.

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