PREVALENCE OF MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT ORGANISMS IN HOSPITAL-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA AMONG ICU PATIENTS AND ITS CLINICAL OUTCOMES: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY.

Chintapalli  Suryaman; Vennela  Gangaram; Dr R B Swathi; Vepuri Pavitra  Sonica

doi:10.51168/sjhrafrica.v6i3.1686

Authors

Dr. Chintapalli Suryamani Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology,Government Medical College,, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India
Dr. Vennela Gangaram Assistant Professor, Department of General Medicine, Government Medical College,, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India
Dr. R.B. Swathi Final Year Post Graduate, Department of Microbiology,Government Medical College, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India
Dr. Vepuri Pavitra Sonica Final Year Postgraduate, Department of Microbiology,Government Medical College, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51168/sjhrafrica.v6i3.1686

Keywords:

Multidrug-resistant organisms, hospital-acquired pneumonia, ICU, clinical outcomes, antibiotic therapy, co-infections, resistance profiles

Abstract

Background

Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) are a growing concern in hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) among ICU patients, contributing to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence, resistance profiles, clinical outcomes, and impact of antibiotic therapy on ICU patients with MDRO-related HAP.

Methods

A total of 100 ICU patients diagnosed with HAP were included in the study. The prevalence of MDROs, resistance profiles of the organisms, and clinical outcomes were assessed. Data on mechanical ventilation, ICU stay duration, mortality rates, and antibiotic therapy were collected and analyzed. The study also examined co-infections and complications in patients with MDRO infections.

Results

100 ICU patients were included, with a mean age of 58.4 ± 12.3 years; 60% were male and 40% were female. The majority of patients had comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus (45%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (33%), and hypertension (30%). The most common MDROs identified were Klebsiella pneumoniae (24%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (21%), and Acinetobacter baumannii (19%). These organisms exhibited high resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, carbapenems, and fluoroquinolones. Patients with MDRO infections had significantly higher rates of mechanical ventilation (69% vs. 28%), prolonged ICU stays (62% vs. 14%), and a higher mortality rate (35% vs. 12%) compared to non-MDRO patients. Appropriate antibiotic therapy improved clinical outcomes, with a 40% improvement rate in the proper therapy group. Co-infections, including Candida albicans (12%) and Staphylococcus aureus (10%), were common in MDRO-infected patients.

Conclusion

MDROs significantly impact the clinical outcomes of ICU patients with HAP, leading to increased mechanical ventilation, longer ICU stays, and higher mortality. Appropriate antibiotic therapy plays a critical role in improving patient outcomes.

Recommendations

Early MDRO detection in ICU-HAP patients requires surveillance, rapid diagnostics, strict infection control, and antimicrobial stewardship to prevent resistance.

Author Biographies

Dr. Chintapalli Suryamani, Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology,Government Medical College,, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India

is an Associate Professor of Microbiology at Government Medical College, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India. She completed her MBBS and MD in Microbiology from Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam. With over 14 years of teaching experience, she has published multiple research papers focusing on Microbiology, General Medicine, and Gynaecology. ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6582-1816.

Dr. Vennela Gangaram, Assistant Professor, Department of General Medicine, Government Medical College,, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India

is an Assistant Professor of General Medicine at Government Medical College, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India. He completed his MBBS from Government Medical College, Guntur, and MD in General Medicine from Alluri Sitarama Raju Academy of Medical Sciences, Eluru, and has 3 years of teaching experience ORCID ID: https://orcid.org0009-0002-0929-3383.

Dr. R.B. Swathi, Final Year Post Graduate, Department of Microbiology,Government Medical College, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India

is a final-year Postgraduate of the Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India. She completed her MBBS at Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical Sciences in Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu. ORCID ID : https://orcid.org 0009-0002-0291-8627

Dr. Vepuri Pavitra Sonica, Final Year Postgraduate, Department of Microbiology,Government Medical College, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India

is a final-year Postgraduate of the Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India. She completed her MBBS at Maharajah’s Institute of Medical Sciences in Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh. ORCID ID : https://orcid.org 0009-0009-2051-2103

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