Evaluation of Hematological Parameters and Their Association with Thyroid Hormone Levels in Women of Reproductive Age

Pawan  Trivedi; Priyanka  Rai

doi:10.51168/sjhrafrica.v5i12.1498

Authors

Pawan Trivedi Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Maharshi Devraha Baba Autonomous State Medical College, Deoria, Uttar Pradesh, India
Priyanka Rai Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Maharshi Devraha Baba Autonomous state medical college Deoria, Uttar Pradesh, India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51168/sjhrafrica.v5i12.1498

Keywords:

Thyroid Hormones, Hypothyroidism, Hyperthyroidism, Anemia, Hematological Parameters, Non-Pregnant Females

Abstract

Background: Thyroid hormones, particularly triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), are important for the regulation of metabolism and organ function, with imbalances linked to health issues such as hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. This study explores the correlation of thyroid hormone levels with hematological parameters in non-pregnant women aged 40 to 65 years, aiming to enhance clinical management of these conditions.

Methods: A one-year study was conducted at Maharshi Devraha Baba Autonomous State Medical College, including 500 non-pregnant female patients diagnosed with thyroid disorders. Participants were classified into hyperthyroid and hypothyroid groups based on clinical symptoms and laboratory results, with a control cohort of 100 age-matched females having normal thyroid function. Blood samples were analyzed for serum T3, T4, and TSH levels, along with hematological parameters using a hematology analyzer.

Results: The study included 500 non-pregnant females, with 250 diagnosed with hypothyroidism, 250 with hyperthyroidism, and 100 euthyroid controls. Hypothyroid patients had significantly lower T3 (1.2 ± 0.35 nmol/L), T4 (54.40 ± 37.60 nmol/L), and elevated TSH (145.67 ± 192.40 mIU/L). Hematological analyses revealed lower hemoglobin (11.30 ± 1.10 g/dL) and RBC counts (4.02 ± 0.45 x10^6/µL) in hypothyroid subjects compared to euthyroid counterparts. No prominent variations were found in hematological parameters between hyperthyroid and euthyroid groups, although hypothyroid patients showed higher RDW and AEC.

Conclusion: The investigation demonstrates a significant correlation between thyroid dysfunction and hematological abnormalities, especially anemia in hypothyroid patients, emphasizing the need to evaluate thyroid hormone levels in women with unexplained anemia for better management.

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