Assessment of aflatoxin contamination in peanuts of selected markets in Kampala. A cross-sectional study.

Geofrey  Sokiri; David Sserunkuuma  Kibuuka; Brian  Kirya; Derick  Modi

doi:10.51168/sjhrafrica.v6i12.1768

Authors

Geofrey Sokiri
David Sserunkuuma Kibuuka Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyambogo University, Kampala Uganda.
Brian Kirya epartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyambogo University, Kampala Uganda.
Derick Modi Department of Community Health, Faculty of Public Health. Lira University, P.O.BOX 1035, Uganda.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51168/sjhrafrica.v6i12.1768

Keywords:

Aflatoxin Contamination, Peanut, Selected Markets, Kampala

Abstract

Background

Aflatoxin is a mycotoxin that is frequently known to contaminate peanuts. Aflatoxins are secondary toxic metabolites primarily produced by A.flavus and A. parasiticus. This study was hence aimed at evaluating the level of aflatoxin contamination in peanuts from selected markets in Kampala.

Methodology

Twelve (12) samples were collected by a simple random technique from Nakawa, Banda, Kireka, and Bweyogerere markets. The samples were collected from different sales points, and three samples were collected per market. These samples were prepared and extracted using a suitable solvent to achieve an effective extract. The solvent used was 70% methanol. Thin layers plated were activated, spotted, and developed under a chloroform/acetone mobile phase system. The plates were analyzed for aflatoxin using a thin-layer chromatography mobile phone-based technique.

Results

The results obtained from the analysis of samples collected from the selected markets of Kampala show that five out of the twelve samples had bright spots when viewed under UV light. For the Nakawa market, sample N1 had 0 (Ppb), N2 had 0 (Ppb), and N3 (88Ppb). Banda market, B1 had 0(Ppb), B2 had 0(Ppb), B3 had 0(Ppb). Kireka market, K1 had 101(Ppb), K2 had 101.5(Ppb), and K3 had 88(Ppb). Bweyogerere market, BW1 had 0(Ppb), BW2 had 0(Ppb), and BW3 had 81(Ppb). 42% of the total samples were contaminated with aflatoxins, and these were found to be above the permissible levels by UNBS.

Conclusion

The level of contamination of 42% of the total samples was highly above the permissible levels as stipulated by UNBS and FDA.

Recommendation

Therefore, peanuts sold in the different Markets need to be continually evaluated to ensure food safety and public health concerns.

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